Sandwich

Sandwich, Kent

Sandwich is a historic town on the River Stour on Kent, south-east England. It has a population of 6,800.

Sandwich Bay is home to nature reserves and two world-class golf courses, Royal St George's and Prince's. The town is also home to educational and cultural events.

Etymology

The name is of Danish origin, meaning a sand place or camp on a bay (vig, wich) or near the mouth of a river.

The title Earl of Sandwich was created in 1660 for the prominent naval commander Admiral Sir Edward Montagu.

The local economy has benefited from significant investment by Pfizer UK, the British subsidiary of the multinational pharmaceuticals company Pfizer, which has built a research and development centre near Sandwich, employing over 3,000 people. Laboratory experiments at the site have aroused negative comment by animal rights activists. On June 18, 2007 Pfizer announced it will move the Sandwich Animal Health Research (VMRD) division to Kalamazoo, Michigan. Several important drugs including Viagra, Pfizer's treatment for erectile dysfunction and Maraviroc, a drug used for treatment of HIV, were discovered here. On February 1, 2011 Pfizer announced that the entire research and development facility at Sandwich would be closed within 18–24 months, with a loss of 2,400 jobs. The University of Kent is considering use of the campus style site.

Culture

The town's connection with the snack of the same name is that John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich, who lived in the 18th century allegedly invented it. It is said that he ordered his valet to bring him meat tucked between two pieces of bread. Because Montagu also happened to be the Fourth Earl of Sandwich, others began to order "the same as Sandwich!"  However, the exact circumstances of the invention are still the subject of debate. A rumour in a contemporary travel book called Tour to London (although not confirmed) by Pierre Jean Grosley formed the popular myth that bread and meat sustained Lord Sandwich at the gambling table. The sober alternative is provided by Sandwich's biographer, N. A. M. Rodger, who suggests Sandwich's commitments to the navy, to politics and the arts mean the first sandwich was more likely to have been consumed at his desk.

                                              TEXT  COMPREHENSION

01-    Maraviroc is a

a)drug used for treatment of HIV

b)river

c)drug used for treatment for erectile dysfunction

d)kind of meat

e)sandwich

02-    Check the correct alternative according to the text:

a)The title Earl of Sandwich was created by Sir Edward Montagu

b)Sandwich lies in Kent

c)Pfizer has its main headquarters in Sandwich

d)Viagra was discovered in Kalamazoo, Michigan

e)Sandwich has a population of sixty eight thousand

03-    Royal St George’s and Prince’s are __________________.

a)squares    b)rivers   c)golflinks     d)avenues     e)golf clubs

04-    It is said that the sandwich was invented by ________________.

a)Pierre Jean     b)N. A. M. Rodger    c)John Sandwich    d)John Montagu

e)none of the above

05-    The verb “tuck” (line 22) means

a)energy    b)vigor     c)vim      d)a beat or tap, especially on a drum

e)make one or more folds in