PAMELA SMART

PAMELA  SMART

Born	August 16, 1967 Coral Gables, Florida
Occupation	Media services consultant
Criminal charge	Accomplice to first degree murder, conspiracy to commit murder, witness tampering
Criminal penalty	Life without parole (sentenced by New Hampshire)
Criminal status	In custody at Bedford Hills Correctional Facility (in New York)
Spouse(s)	Greggory Smart (m. 1989-1990, his death)
Children	None
Parents	John and Linda Wojas

         Pamela Ann Smart (born August 16, 1967) is an American convicted of murder. She is serving a life sentence for accomplice to first-degree murder, conspiracy to commit murder and witness tampering in New Hampshire. Smart was convicted for conspiring with her 15-year-old lover, William "Billy" Flynn; and three friends of Flynn to kill her 24-year-old husband, Greggory Smart in Derry, New Hampshire in 1990.
          Pamela Ann Wojas was born in Coral Gables, Florida. She was the second of three children, with her sister Elizabeth, six years older, and her brother John, three years younger. Her father worked as a commercial airline pilot, while her mother worked part-time as a legal secretary.
          Smart combined her passion for heavy metal music with her career aspirations. She hosted a one-night-a-week radio show at WVFS that she called “Metal Madness", using the alias "Maiden of Metal".
          Pamela Wojas met Greggory Smart at a 1986 New Year's Eve party. They formed a serious relationship in February 1987 and married two years later. They shared a passion for heavy metal music. Greg bought her a Shih Tzu and she named it "Halen" after her favorite rock group Van Halen. Seven months into the marriage, the Smarts began having serious problems in their relationship. She took a job as a media coordinator at Winnacunnet High School in Hampton, New Hampshire.
          Smart met Winnacunnet High School student Billy Flynn at "Project Self-Esteem," a local drug awareness program at the school, in which both were volunteers. She was able to impress him with her interest in heavy metal music. Flynn, a sophomore, was always going out of his way to be helpful during the sessions and also visited Smart every day in her office. Smart also met another intern named Cecilia Pierce, who was friends with Flynn.

Aftermath

            William Flynn and Patrick Randall are serving their sentences at the Maine State Prison in Warren, Maine. Raymond Fowler was paroled in 2003 but was sent back to prison for violating his parole terms in 2004. He was paroled again in June 2005.  Vance Lattime had his 30-year sentence reduced by 12 years. In 2005, his sentence was reduced by three years, and he was paroled.
             Cecilia Pierce, who was one of Pamela Smart's interns at the time of the murder, signed a $100,000 option for the screen rights to her story.

Recent events

             William Flynn is incarcerated at the Maine State Prison in Warren, where he earned his GED, has been active in charity work and worked as an electrician at the prison. In 2007, Flynn sought a sentence reduction after serving 16 years, stating that he had vowed not to do so until he had spent as many years behind bars as he had spent free. He also apologized to Gregg Smart's family for murdering him. The Smart family opposed the request. On February 12, 2008, the request was denied, although Flynn's parole eligibility date was reduced by three years to 25 years, making him eligible for parole in 2015.  March 2009, a judge reduced Patrick Randall's minimum sentence by three years, making him eligible for release in June 2015.
                             T  E  X  T       C  O  M  P  R  E  H  E  N  S  I  O  N

01-Choose the correct sentence according to the text:

a)Pamela Smart is forty five years old                 

 b)Cecilia Pierce participated in the murder

c)John and Linda Wojas are Greg Smart’s parents      

d)Raymond Fowler and Patrick Randall were enemies

e)Pamela Smart’s dad was an airline pilot

02-The murder happened in ______________________________.

a)Florida      b)New Hampshire       c)Maine         d)New York         e)New Jersey

03-Pamela Smart has _________________siblings.

a)two           b)three             c)four            d)five             e)six

04-Nowadays Pamela Smart is in _____________________.

a)New Hampshire    b)New York       c)New Jersey        d)Florida         e)Maine

05-___________________killed Greggory Smart.

a)Billy Flynt      b)Pamela Smart        c)Patrick Randall        d)Raymond fowler      e)Vance Lattime

06-Greg bought Pamela Smart __________________________.

a)a golden jewel     b)a luxury car     c)a motorcycle       d)a weapon      e) a toy dog

TABOO FOOD

                                   TABOO FOOD

       In the predominantly-Muslim nation of Indonesia,  bat meat is known to be a prized delicacy, especially within the Batak and Minahasa minority communities, but also in Java.

       Some restaurants in the Hai Phong and Hạ Long Bay area in north Vietnam advertise cat meat hot pot as "little tiger", and cats in cages can be seen inside.

       Dog meat is used as food in parts of China (e.g. Guangxi) and Korea. Chinese authorities sought to prohibit restaurants from serving dog meat in the run up to the 2008 Beijing Olympics in order not to offend the large number of tourists that would be dining at Beijing eateries.

      In Western societies, elephants have often been associated with circuses and used for entertaining purposes. However, in Central and West Africa, elephants are hunted for their meat. Some people in Thailand also believe that eating elephant meat improves their sex lives and elephants are sometimes hunted specifically for this.
      Judaism prohibits consumption of elephant meat as an unfit-for-consumption land animal

       Horse meat is part of the cuisine of countries as widespread as Italy with 900 g per person per year, Netherlands, Belgium, France, Switzerland, where horse meat is common in supermarkets, Germany with only 50 g per person per year, it is still sold in some specialized butcher shops in eastern Austria, and also eaten in Polynesia,  Serbia , Slovenia  and Kazakhstan,  but is taboo in some religions and many countries. It is forbidden by Jewish law, because the horse is not a ruminant, nor does it have cloven hooves.

      In Indonesia, live baby mice are sometimes eaten by sailors for physical strength.

                                           TEXT COMPREHENSION

01-In ________________,  elephant meat is eaten.

a)Indonesia     b)China      c)Belgium     d)Serbia       e)Thailand

02-Java lies in ______________.

a)Slovenia      b)China       c)France        d)Indonesia           e)Italy

03-Check the correct sentence according to the text:

a)Chinese authorities prohibit restaurants from serving dog meat

b)Bat meat is eaten in Thailand

c)Horse meat is eaten in Italy

d)Horse meat is permitted by Jewish law

e)Cow meat is eaten in India

04-Dog meat is consumed in ______________________.

a)Indonesia     b)China     c)Slovenia    d)Germany      e)Austria

05-_________________is a predominantly- Muslim nation

a)Indonesia         b)Austria        c)Thailand     d)Switzerland    e)China

STEPHEN HAWKING

                    STEPHEN HAWKING

              Born in Oxford on January 8 1942 - 300 years after the death of astronomer Galileo Galilei - Professor Hawking grew up in St Albans, Hertfordshire. After being diagnosed with a rare form of motor neurone disease - amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) - at the age of 22, Hawking was given just a few years to live.

              He had a difficult time at the local public school and was persecuted as a "swot" who was more interested in jazz, classical music and debating than sport and pop. Although not top of the class, he was good at maths and "chaotically enthusiastic in chemistry". Hawking has said of his workload as an undergraduate at Oxford "amounted to an average of just an hour a day". He also said: "I'm not proud of this lack of work, I'm just describing my attitude at the time, which I shared with most of my fellow students. You were supposed to be brilliant without effort, or to accept your limitations and get a fourth class degree."Despite his workload confession, Hawking got a first and went to Cambridge to begin work on his PhD - but he was already beginning to experience the first symptoms of his illness, having fallen over twice for no reason during the last year of his undergraduate degree.

                    Hawking has credited his marriage in 1965 to Jane Wilde, a language student, as a turning point in his life at a time when he was unsure as to what the point of a degree was if he was to die soon. They went on to have three children - Robert, Lucy, and Timothy.

                   At a meeting of the Royal Society meeting, Hawking interrupted a lecture by renowned astrophysicist Sir Fred Hoyle to let him know that he had made a mistake. When asked how he knew there had been an error, Hawking replied: "Because I've worked them out in my head."

                   During the 1970s Hawking produced a stream of first class research, including probably his most important contribution to cosmology: the discovery of Hawking radiation, which allows a black hole to leak energy and gradually fade away to nothing.

                      In the 1980s, Professor Hawking and Professor Jim Hartle proposed a model of the universe which had no boundaries in space or time. The concept was described in A Brief History Of Time, which sold 25 million copies worldwide.

                     In February 1990 he left his wife of twenty five years to set up home with one of his nurses, Elaine Mason. The couple married in September 1995 but divorced in 2006.  Among some of his more unconventional theories, Professor Hawking has predicted the end of humanity - due to global warming, a new killer virus, or the impact of a large comet.

                           Hawking has examined the relationship between science and religion, writing a 2010 book Grand Design, which argues that evoking God is not necessary to explain the origins of the universe.

                              T  E  X  T        C  O  M  P  R  E   H  E  N  S  I  O  N

01-Choose the item according to the text:

a)Stephen Hawking grew up in Oxford

b)Stephen Hawking likes sport and pop

c)Stephen Hawking was born in St Albans

d)Stephen Hawking married Jane Wilde in 1964

e)Stephen Hawking predicts three possible causes for the end of the universe

02-Stephen Hawking lived _________________years with Elaine Mason.

a)eleven       b)sixteen         c)three           d)two          e)twenty five

03-Stephen Hawking was diagnosed with ALS in nineteen sixty _______________.

a)two        b)three      c)four        d)five         e)six

04-Stephen Hawking

a)married just once          b)divorced once       c)had no children

d)lived 25 years with Elaine Mason       e)divorced twice

05-“Hawking has examined the relationship between science and religion.”

The sentence is in the ________________________tense.

a)simple present        b)simple past        c)present perfect     d)past perfect

e)present continuous