quarta-feira, 3 de julho de 2013

Mujica


            José Alberto "Pepe" Mujica Cordano ( born 20 May 1935) is an Uruguayan politician, and President of Uruguay since 2010. A former guerrilla fighter and a member of the Broad Front coalition of left-wing parties, Mujica was Minister of Livestock, Agriculture, and Fisheries from 2005 to 2008 and a Senator afterwards. As the candidate of the Broad Front, he won the 2009 presidential election and took office as President on 1 March 2010. He has been described as "the world's 'poorest' president", as he donates around 90 percent of his $12,000 monthly salary to charities to benefit poor people and small entrepreneurs.

            In 2005, Mujica married Lucía Topolansky, a fellow Tupamaro member and current senator, after many years of co-habitation. They have no children and live on an austere farm in the outskirts of Montevideo where they cultivate chrysanthemums as an economic activity, having declined to live in the opulent presidential palace or use its staff. His humble lifestyle is reflected by his choice of an aging Volkswagen Beetle as transport. His wife owns the farm they live on. The Economist in an article writes that some Uruguayans see him as "a roly-poly former guerrilla who grows flowers on a small farm and swears by vegetarianism". He does not believe in a god.

                                      TEXT COMPREHENSION

01-Check the correct sentence according to the text:

a)Mujica is a former senator                       b)Mujica’s wife is vice president

c)Mujica is a guerrilla fighter                       d)Mujica hates poor people

e)Mujica donates all his salary to charities

 
02-Mujica’s wife is ________________.

a)mayor          b)senator         c)president        d)vice president

e)minister of livestock, agriculture and fisheries

 
03-Mujica was born in nineteen ______________________.

a)thirty one   b)thirty two   c)thirty three    d)thirty four     e)thirty five

 
04-Choose the correct sentence according to the text:

a)Mujica is a very religious man

b)Mujica and Lucia got married in 2010

c)$12,000 is around 90 percent of Mujica’s salary

d)Mujica and his wife live in the presidential palace in Montevideo

e)Mujica owns a Volkswagen Beetle

 
05-Roly-poly (line 16) stands for _________________________________.

a)tall

b)wealthy

c)pudgy; short and plump

d)proud
 
e)poor

Bob Marley


                                                  T E X T 

          Robert “Bob” Nesta Marley (February 6, 1945 – May 11, 1981) was a Jamaican singer, songwriter, guitarist and activist. He is the most widely known performer of reggae music. A faithful Rastafari, Marley is regarded by many as a prophet of the religion.

           Marley was born in the small village of Nine Mile in the Saint Ann Parish, Jamaica. His father, Norval Sinclair Marley born in 1895, was a white Jamaican of English descent, with parents from Sussex. Norval was a Marine officer and captain, as well as a plantation overseer, when he married Cedella Booker, then an eighteen-year-old Jamaican. Norval provided financial support for his wife and child, but seldom saw them, as he was often away on trips. Marley was ten years old when his father died of a heart attack in 1955 at age 60.

           Marley suffered racial prejudice as a youth, because of his mixed racial origins, and faced questions about his own racial identity throughout his life. He once reflected:

          “I don’t have prejudice against myself. My father was a white and my mother was black. Them call me half-caste or whatever. Me don’t dip on nobody’s side. Me don’t dip on the black man’s side nor the white man’s side. Me dip on God’s side, the one who create me and cause me to come from black and white.”

          Marley and his mother moved to Kingston Trenchtown slum after Norval’s death.

He was forced to learn self-defense, as he became the target of bullying because of his  racial makeup and small structure. He gained a reputation for his physical strength, which earned him the nickname “Tuff Gong”.

         Marley became friends with Neville “Bunny” Livingston (later known as Bunny Wailer), with whom he started to play music. He left school at the age of 14 and started as an apprentice at a local welder’s shop. In his free time, he and Livingston made music with Joe Higgs, a local singer and devout Rastafari who is regarded by many as Marley’s mentor. It was at a jam session with Higgs and Livingston that Marley met Peter McIntosh (later known as Peter Tosh), who had similar musical ambitions.

         In 1962, Marley recorded his first two singles, “Judge Not” and “One Cup of Coffee”, with local music producer Leslie Kong. These songs, released on Beverley’s label under the pseudonym of Bobby Martell, attracted little attention.

                                         T E X T      C O M P R E H E N S I O N

 01-Check the correct sentence according to the text:

a)Bob Marley was born in Kingston

b)Bob Marley’s dad was a faithful Rastafari

c)Bunny Waler left school at the age of 14

d)Bob Marley’s first two singles were successful

e)Cedella Booker was Bob Marley’s mother

02-Bob Marley died when he was thirty __________________years old.

a) two              b)four             c)six                d)eight                e)nine

 
03-Choose the correct alternative:

a)Bob Marley had racial prejudice against himself

b)Bob Marley lived in a slum

c)Norval Sinclair was an army officer

d)Tuff Gong was Marley’s nickname because of his structure

e)Norval Sinclair was born in Sussex

 
04-Bob Marley’s paternal grandparents were from _______________.

a)England       b)Jamaica          c)France         d)Germany              e)USA

 
05-When Bob Marley recorded his first singles he was _______________years old.

a)sixteen        b)seventeen       c)eighteen     d)nineteen              e)twenty

 

duel


Duel is a prearranged combat between two persons, fought according to formal procedure with deadly weapons, typically to settle a point of honor.

The most notorious American duel was the Burr-Hamilton duel, in which notable Federalist Alexander Hamilton was fatally wounded by his political rival, the sitting Vice President of the United States Aaron Burr. Alexander Hamilton was the first U.S Secretary of the Treasury. Another American politician, Andrew Jackson, later to serve as a General Officer in the U.S. Army and to become the seventh U.S. president, fought two duels, though some legends claim he fought many more. On May 30, 1806, he killed prominent duellist Charles Dickinson, suffering himself from a chest wound which caused him a lifetime of pain. Jackson also reportedly engaged in a bloodless duel with a lawyer and in 1803 came very near duelling with John Sevier; In 1813 Jackson engaged in a frontier brawl, which does not count as a duel, with Senator Thomas Hart Benton.

TEXT COMPREHENSION

01- Choose the correct alternative according to the text:

a) Aaron Burr was Vice President of the USA

under Andrew Jackson

b) All people involved in the duels were politicians

c) Jackson fought just one duel during his lifetime

d) John Savier was killed by Andrew Jackson

e) Charles Dickinson passed away in the nineteenth century

02- The seventh president of the USA was ________________________.

a) Andrew Jackson

b) John Sevier

c) Thomas Benton

d) Alexander Hamilton

e) Aaron Burr

03- _________________was a 19th century famous duelist.

a) Aaron Burr

b) John Sevier

c) Thomas Benton

d) Charles Dickinson

e) Andrew Jackson

04- Check the correct sentence according to the text:

a) Alexander Hamilton killed Aaron Burr

b) Alexander Hamilton was Secretary of the Treasury

c) Charles Dickinson was killed by Aaron Burr

d) Andrew Jackson was President of the USA when he killed Dickinson in a duel

e) Andrew Jackson engaged in a duel with Thomas Hart Benton

05- In the first paragraph...

a) ...there are two adverbs

b) ...there are three adverbs

c) ...there is one adverb

d) ...there are four adverbs

e) ...there are five adverbs